Bag-machine



B. F. S-AWYER.

6 Sheets-Sheet 1'..

BAG momma.

Patented Feb 6; 1883.

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B. F.SAWY ER.

BAG MACHINE. No. 271,922. Patented Feb. 6, 1883.-

(ModeL) 6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

13.21". SAW YER.

BAG MACHINE.

No. 271,922. Patented Peb.6,1883.

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B. P. SAWYER.

BAG MACHINE.

No, 271,922. Patented Feb. 1883. 7 9- N. PETERS Mmllilhngnpber, wflmu mn. c.

(ModeL) 6 S hQetS -Sheet 5. B. F; SAWYER. BAG momm Pateiited Feb. 6',1883.

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(ModeL) 6 Sheets-Sheet s.

B F. SAWYER.

BAG MACHINE.

No. 271,922. Patented Feb. 6,1883.

. WI Efi I UNITED STATES PATENT Orrrsn.

, BENJAMIN F. SAWYER, OF ROME, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN BAG COMPANY, OFATLANTA, GEORGIA.

BAG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 271,922, dated February6, 1883.

Application filed June 24, 1880. (Model) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BEN F. SAWYER, of Rome, in the county of'Floyd, andin the State of Georgia, have invented certain new and useto be easilyand cheaply made from paper,

ful Improvements in Bag-Machines; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of thisspecification, in which- Figure l is a perspective view of mymachinefrom the front. Fig. 2 is a like view of the same from the rear. Fig. 3is a plan view of the upper side of said machine. Figs. 4 and 5 areelevations of the front and rear ends, respectively, of the same. Fig. 6is a side elevation of the right-hand side of said machine, thedriving-pulley being removedso as to show the mechanism employed foroperating the folder. Fig. 7 is a vertical central section upon a linepassing lengthwise of the machine. Fig. Sis a vertical cross-section ofthe same upon line as 00 of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a plan view of one of theblank-strips as it leaves the cutting-cylinders. Fig. 10 is aperspective view ot'the same after its edge-laps have been turnedinward, and Fig. 11 is a like view of the completed bag.

Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of thefigures.

The design of my invention is to enablebags cloth, 850.; and to this endit consists principally in the method of making bags, substantially asand for the purpose hereinafter specified.

It consists, further, in the method of simultaneously forming two ormore bags, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown.

It consists, further, inthe means employed for cutting bag-blanks from acontinuouslymoving roll of paper and folding the side flaps of the same,substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter set forth. It consists,further, in the means employed for simultaneously cutting and printingthe bag-blanks, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shownand described.

It consists, further, in the means employed for folding inward the sideflaps of the bagblanks, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafterspecified.

I It consists, further, in the means employed for applying an adhesivepreparation to the edges and side flaps of the bag-blanks, substantiallyas and for the purpose hereinafter shown.

It consists, further, in the combination of the devices employed forcutting the bag-blanks and folding inward their side flaps, substananddescribed.

It consists, further,in the combination of the devices employed forfolding inward the side flaps of the bag-blanks and coating said flapsand the side edges with adhesive preparation, substantially as and forthe purpose hereinafter specified.

It consists, finally, in the combination of the and for the purposehereinafter shown.

In the annexed drawings, A and A represent the sides of the frame of mymachine, which parts are connected together at their lower ends bycross-bars B and B, at their rear ends by means of a cross-bar, G, andat and upper edges, by means of a table, D, the whole forming a framewhich has a general rectangular form.

Journaled horizontally within suitable bear inders, E and F, which havethe same diameters, and are arranged with their peripheries in contact,andsuch point of contact upon a line vertically with the upper face ofthe table D. The lower cylinder, E, is provided with three or moreradial knives or cutters, e, which extend in parallel lines. aroundnearly onehalf the circumference of said roller, thence obliquely for ashort distance, thence circumferentially a distance equal to'thefirst-named portions, and thence obliquely, in an opposite direction, totheir starting-point, as shown in Fig. 4. The upper cylinder, F, has aplain periphery, and within the same are provided groovesf, whichcorrespond in width and depth to the thickness and radial projection ofthe cutters e, and have such longitudinal shape as to enablethem toreceive said cutters, when said cylinders are simultaneously rotated inopposite directions, for which purpose meshing gear-wheels G and H,respectively, havtially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown variousparts of the machine, substantially as in front of their longitudinalcenter,near their ings at the front end of the frame are two cylvided agroove, d, for each set of cutters e,

2 l erases ing the same dimensions, are secured upon theprojectingjournals of said cutters E and F.

Above the cylinder F,'within suitable verti cal slots, at and a, isjournaled a roller, I, which receives a roll of paper, and is free torise or fall as the quantity of paper is greater or less, the'peripher'yof said roll of paper being thus kept in contact with the periphery of'upon one edge comes directly opposite to the recess upon the other edgeof each. strip.

'Within' the upper face of the table D is prowhich groove has a depth ofabout one thirty-second of an inch, and a width equal to the width of astrip, K, inside of the lines of its projections k, and is arranged toreceive said strip as the latter passes from between thecutting-cylinders.

Extending between the sides A and A',

above the table I are two parallel bars, L, which areconnected together,and from which are suspended metal plates M, which correspondin numberto the number of the grooves d, and in horizontal size and shape to' thelike features of the same. I Each plate M is formed of thin sheet metal,is suspended centrally at its ends," so as to leave its side edges andcentral portion free, and is placed with its lower face so near thebottom of its groove d as to leave but little more space between thesame than is necessary for the free movement between of one of thestrips of paper K. The front end of the table D is inclined slightlydownward and forward between the grooves d, while the correspondingendsof the plates M are turned slightly upward, so that when the end of astrip, K, passes rearward from" between the cutting-cylinders its bodywill pass beneath one ofsaid plates within a groove,

d, whileits projections It will pass upward upon the face of said tableuponeach side of said groove, the operation causing said projections tohave an upward and outward inclination. The projections form the sidelaps of the bag, and in order that they may be in position for use it isnecessarythat each lap should be folded' inward, an operation which isaccomplished by the followingdescri'bed mechanism.

Above the bars L is loosely fitted a frame,

- N, upon the lower side of which is provided a number of transverselugs, n, that extend downward nearly to the plates M, and are eachprovided with a thin rectangular plate, 0, that has a lengthsubstantially the'same as the length of each lap 16. Each of said plates0 beats lightly upon the table D between the grooves d, and is capableof sliding'over the contiguous edges of two of said plates M, so

that if said frame is caused to move longitudinally, audits movementsare properly timed with reference to 'thecutting-cylinders E and F,each'plate will pass beneath one of the said laps Jo and foldthe'saudeover upon the upper 'side of the plate M, beneath which is passing thestripK, to which it is attached, at each mo'vementot' said frame. Themovements of the folding-frame Nare protllced by means of a cam, P,which is secured upon and revolves with the shaft of the uppercuttingcylinder, F, the'outer face of said cam acting upon a lever, Q,which is pivoted at one end to or upon a bar, It, that is in turnpivoted upon said frame N, while said lever Q is pivoted near its frontend within a bearing, q,'that is swiveled at the center of said cam, thearrangement being such as to cause said folding-frame to remain at restuntil a lap, 70, upon each strip K is in position for folding, and thenmoverapidlyin the necessary direction to turn over said lap, afterwhichsaid frame has another period of rest, followedby a rapid returnmovement, during which the laps upon the other edge'ot' each sheet arefolded. The strips in part by simple contact between said bands andstrips, but principally by the pressure caused by said rollers. Weresaid bands held in contact with the blanks by a slight pressure, as incase the latter was supported by' or upon a flexible endless apron, ashas heretofore been done, it would be necessarythat the adhesivepreparation should be very thin, in'

order that it might be transferred tosaid blanks, and even then therewould be difliculty in coating the paper evenly; but where said blanksand said adhesive-coated stripsare confined between unyielding rollersand are subjected to pressure,the adhesive preparation is forced tocombine with and adhere to the paper, and can be applied when very thickan advantage that is material, as less time is required for it to setand dry than when used in a thin, diluted condition. The bands 8 arecontinuous, and from the rollerS pass upward over two smaller rollers,U, that are journaled aboye the edge of a vat, V, for containingadhesive mixture, and thence downward around a roller, W, that isjournaled within said vat, by which arrangement said bands are caused,by the rotation of said roller S, to pass through said vat and becomeloaded with its adhesive contents, which latter is then transferred tothe edges of the paper strips K, as before described. Motion is impartedto the rollers S and T by means of a gear-wheel, X, which is securedupon one of its journals and meshes with a pinion, y, that is securedupon a driving-shaft, Y, which latter is suitably journaled u on theupper side of the frame in rear of said roller. Upon the projectingshaft of each of said rollers is a gear-wheel, Z, which wheels havethesame dimensions, and, meshing to- I, that isjournaled atits endswithinthelower gether, cause-said-rollers .to move with equal velocity inOpposite directions. From the gearwheel X motion is transmitted to-thecuttingcylinders-E and F by means of a gear-wheel, B, that is securedupon the projecting shaft of said cylinder F, and a third gear-wheel, Awhich is placed between and mesheswith each of said gearsX- and B. i l rJ ournaled in rear of the lower roller, T, is a cy1inder,0, which bearsagainst said roller, and is provided with peripheral grooves 0, thatcoincide with the edges of the strips K, which havejust been coated withan adhesive mixture, the arrangement being such as to cause the centralportion of each strip to be confined between said cylinder and rollerwithout interference with its edges. The cylinder 0 is caused to havethe same peripheral ve locity as the rollerTby means of a gear-wheel,

'D, which is secured uponthe projecting endof itsshaft and meshes withthe gear-wheel Z of said roller, and within the periphery of saidcylinder is secured a cutter, 0 that has a serrated edge and extendslongitudinally along the same. A corresponding groove, t,is-providedwithin the surface of said roller Tfor the reception of saidcutter as said cylinder and roller come into contact at such points.

The operation of the cylinder 0 and roller T is to cut the strips K intolengths suitable for bags, each blank thus severed having upon each edgeone of the projections or laps in, and the points of severance being atthe ends of such laps. The cutter 0 follows an irregular line,preferably a wave-line, and the ends of the bag-blank have acorresponding shape. The object of such shape is to prevent said endsfrom coinciding and to render easy the opening of the mouth of the bag,the result being accomplished by causing the projecting portions of oneedge to come opposite to the hollow portions of the opposite edge, asseen in Fig.11. Each blank passes downward betweenthe roller T andcutting-cylinder G and is folded together, and its adhesive coated edgespressed together by the following-described means. 4

Directly beneath the roller T is a similar roller, E, which hasperipheral contact there with, and is rotated in an opposite directionthereto by means of a gear-wheel, F, that is secured upon the projectingend of one of its journalsand meshes with the gear-wheel Z,

the arrangement being such as to cause the.

posite ends ofwhich are secured upon a shaft,

ends of two hangers, K, whichhangers are pivoted upon the front ends ofthe side plates, A, the arrangement being such as to enable said shaft Ito be swung toward and from the rear end of the machine, with said barsH sliding longitudinally and horizontally within said sloth plate It.

Upon the projecting journal of the roller T is secured a circular plate,t, which is provided upon its outer face with an outward projectingstud, 23 while upon the journal of the cutting-cylinder O is secured asecond similar plate, 0 that has upon its inner face an inwardlyprojecting stud, c Said plate 0 is placed sufficiently outside saidplate t to permit their studs to pass freely between their overlappingfaces.

Journaled upon the projecting end of the shaft 1 is a bar, L, whichextends between the plates t and 0 forward to or slightly beyond thecenter of said plate t, and is provided upon its rearend with a weight,I, thatis heavier than the portion ofsaid bar in rear of its pivotalbearin g, and causes such portion to be held upward against the hub 23of said plate 1?.

Within the upper edge of the bar L is a longitudinal notch,whichterminates in twovertical shoulders, I and P, that are separated byaspace slightly greater than the distance between the axes of the rollerT and cutting-cylinder G, the front one of which shoulders, 1 engageswith the stud 25 during the rotation of said cylinder, while the rearshoulder, 6 engages with the stud c as said roller revolves. When abagblank, passing downward from between the roller T andcutting-cylinder U, reachesa point where its longitudinal center isopposite to the slot g of the plate G, the stud t engages with,

the shoulder l and moves the bar L forward, causing the plate h to passthrough said slot and to impinge upon and double the central part ofsaid blank. Theforward motionof the folding-plate h continues until thefolded center of the bag-blank is caught between the rollers T and E, atwhich instant the stud c, moving downward and rearward, bears againstthe upper edge of the bar L and presses the front end of said bardownward out of engagement with the stud t arresting the further forwardmovement of said folding-plate. At the instant when the front end of thebar L is re- 7 leased from engagement with the stud t the stud c engageswith the shoulder Z and moves said bar and the folding-plate rearward,said stud i being released from such engagement IIO by the engagement ofthe front end of said bar side flaps upon opposite sides and at oppositewith the hub t of the plate t, which prevents said bar from followingsaid stud farther in its upward and rearward movement.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that from the roller thepaper passes between cutting-cylinders which separate it into stripswhich have alternately upon opposite sides laps for forming the sideedges of the bag. Said strips next pass beneath devices which fold saidlaps inward, then be neath elastic bands which coat the edges and lapswith adhesive mixture, from thence between cutting devices that out eachstrip into blanks having suitable length, which blanks are then foldedand passed'between rollers which press together the edges coated withadhesive mixture, and complete the bag, the

- operations described being constantly repeatin immediate connectionwith a paper-mill, as

it is capable of being run at any rate of speed necessary to enable itto work up the paper as it passes from the mill, by which means suchpaper would I not require handling or storage until ready for the marketas completed bags.

In order that the bags made by the machine may be ready for immediateuse, it is only necessary that each should have printed upon one sidesuch matter as may be desired,-which result is effected by means ofstereotype-plates M, fitted upon or within the periphery of thecutting-cylinder E in such positions as to impinge upon each portion ofeach strip K intended for a bag-blank, and when properly inked to printupon such blanks the letters composing the printing-surfaces of saidplates. When such printing-plates are used within the said cylinder, itis necessary that the upper cylinder, F, should have such portions ofits surface as come opposite. to said plates com-' posed of materialsufficiently elastic to pre vent injury to the printing-characters.

While it is intended that the machine described shall construct bagsfrom paper, it is equally adapted to the manufacture of bags from cloth.

Having thus fully set forth the nature and merits of my invention, whatI claim as new ls 1. The herein-described method of making a paper bag,which consists in longitudinally cutting a continuously-moving web, soas to leave side'flaps upon opposite sides and at opposite ends of thebag-length, then folding in the said flaps as said web advances, thenapplying an adhesive mixture to said flaps, then folding said heg-lengths transversely,and finally cutting the completed bag from theweb, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of devices, substantially as hereinbefore described,whereby there are simultaneously formed from a continuously-moving webtwo or more bag-lengths, each having ends of their contiguous edges,which side flaps alternate and are out without waste, and are then atone time and by onemotion of mechanism, substantially as described,folded in at one end of each bag-length, and by a reverse motion of suchmechanism said side flaps at the opposite ends of the same are foldedin, and those upon each end coated with an adhesive mixture, and saidbag-lengths folded transversely and the completed bags then cut from theweb, substantially as and for the purpose shown.

3. In a machine which makes bags from a continuously-movin g web ofpaper, rotating cutting devices, which cut the blank so as to leave sideflaps upon opposite sides and at opposite ends of the blank, incombination with reciprocating blades, which operate to alternately foldsaid side flaps inward, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

. 4. The cylinder E, provided with radial cutters e, and having itsperiphery cut away between said cutters to receive printing devices, incombination with the cylinder I, having the peripheral grooves f, saidcylinders having peripheral contact, and being arranged to have theimpinging portions of their peripheries travel in the same direction andwith uniform velocity, substantially as and for the purpose shown anddescribed.

5. The cutter-cylinder E, provided with radial knives e, and having itsperiphery cut away between said knives to receive printingsurt'aces ofvarying sizes, in combination with the platen-cylinder F, substantiallyas and'for the purpose specified.

6. Thecombination of the table D, provided with the grooves d, theplates M, fitted within said grooves, and the plates 0, suspended above,and adapted to reciprocate over said plates M and table D, said plates 0bein g rigidly connected together, and all moving in the same directionand at the same time, substantially as and for the purpose shown.

7. As a means for. applying an adhesive preparation to the edges ofbag-blanks, elastic bands coated or saturated with such preparation,andarranged to pass, with the bagblanks, between two rollers, whereby saidbands are pressed upon the edges of said blanks, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

8. In combination with the table D, provided with the grooves d, theplates M, fitted within said grooves, and the plates 0, rigidlyconnected together, suspended above, and

adapted to reciprocate over said plates M and table D, and thecutting-cylinders E and F, provided respectively with radial knives eand grooves f, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. In combination with the table D, provided with the grooves d, theplates M, fitted within said grooves, and the plates 0, rigidlyconnected together, suspended above, and adapted to reciprocate oversaid plates M and table D, the rollers S and T, and the elastic bands s,coateclwith adhesive preparation, and I G, and the folding-plate h, saidparts being arranged to pass with the bag-blanks H bearranged to operatein the manner and for the tween said r0lle1's,substantially as and forthe purpose substantially as set forth. purpose shown. y In testimonythat I'elaim the foregoing I 5 10. The hereinbefore-described machine,in have hereunto set my hand this 4th day of I5 which are combined thecutting-cylinders E 1; May, 1880. i

and F f, the grooved table D,' the stationary -B. F. SAWYER. plates M,the laterally-reciprocating plates 0, WVitnesses: the rollers T and E,"the elastic adhesive-liq JAs. EQHUTOHINSON,

1o mid-distributing bands f, the cutting-cylinder VHENRY O. HAZARD.

